CVE-2026-45149
brace-expansion: Large numeric range defeats documented `max` DoS protection
Description
The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. From 5.0.0 to before 5.0.6, the max option was being applied too late. When expanding a single large numeric range like {1..10000000}, the sequence generation loop generates all 10 million intermediate elements before the max limit is applied With max=10, the output is correctly limited to 10 items, but the process still allocates ~505 MB and spends ~800ms building the full intermediate array. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.0.6.
INFO
Published Date :
May 29, 2026, 8:16 p.m.
Last Modified :
June 12, 2026, 6:38 p.m.
Remotely Exploit :
Yes !
Source :
[email protected]
CVSS Scores
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | MEDIUM | [email protected] | ||||
| CVSS 3.1 | HIGH | [email protected] |
Solution
- Update brace-expansion to version 5.0.6 or later.
- Limit the size of numeric ranges used in brace expansion.
- Monitor resource usage during string generation processes.
Public PoC/Exploit Available at Github
CVE-2026-45149 has a 3 public
PoC/Exploit available at Github.
Go to the Public Exploits tab to see the list.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2026-45149.
| URL | Resource |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/security/advisories/GHSA-jxxr-4gwj-5jf2 | Mitigation Vendor Advisory |
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-45149 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-45149
weaknesses.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
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Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2026-45149 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2026-45149 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
Reanalysis by [email protected]
Jun. 12, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Changed CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:juliangruber:brace-expansion:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:* versions from (including) 5.0.0 up to (including) 5.0.6 OR *cpe:2.3:a:juliangruber:brace-expansion:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:* versions from (including) 5.0.0 up to (excluding) 5.0.6 -
Initial Analysis by [email protected]
Jun. 03, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:juliangruber:brace-expansion:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:* versions from (including) 5.0.0 up to (including) 5.0.6 Added Reference Type GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/security/advisories/GHSA-jxxr-4gwj-5jf2 Types: Mitigation, Vendor Advisory -
New CVE Received by [email protected]
May. 29, 2026
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Description The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. From 5.0.0 to before 5.0.6, the max option was being applied too late. When expanding a single large numeric range like {1..10000000}, the sequence generation loop generates all 10 million intermediate elements before the max limit is applied With max=10, the output is correctly limited to 10 items, but the process still allocates ~505 MB and spends ~800ms building the full intermediate array. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.0.6. Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Added CWE CWE-400 Added Reference https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/security/advisories/GHSA-jxxr-4gwj-5jf2